B42 — Cosmic hunting, F59.2.

Hunters, their dogs, fleeing or killed animals are visible in the sky in the form of stars and constellations.

Berezkin category: The Origins of the Characteristics of the environment

This is of motif type Cosmology and etiology and is part of group 2, Moon spots, stars, constellations.

B42.  Hunters, their dogs, fleeing or killed animals are visible in the sky in the form of stars and constellations.
B42a.  Hunters chase a bear across the sky and kill it in August-October. The bear's blood or fat falls to the ground in the form of dew or colours the foliage red. See motif B42.
B42b.  In the cosmic hunting plot, the objects of pursuit are hoofed animals (elk, deer, mountain sheep). See motif B42.
B42c.  In the cosmic hunting plot, the object of pursuit is a bear. See motifs B42 and B42P.
B42d.  In the cosmic hunting plot, the object of pursuit is a bear. See motif B42.
B42e.  In the cosmic hunting plot, the object of pursuit is the rhea (Rhea americana, a large flightless bird). See motif B42.
B42f.  The Big Dipper (as a whole or only the dipper) is identified with a large hoofed animal (elk, deer, mountain sheep). Unless otherwise specified, see motif B42 in the description of cosmic hunting.
B42g.  The Big Dipper (as a whole or only the dipper) is identified with an animal (animals) pursued by hunters / attacked by other characters.
B42h.  Orion's Belt – game, another star or group of stars within or outside Orion – hunter.
B42h1.  In the plot of cosmic hunting, one of the astral objects is identified with an arrow or bullet, and it is emphasised that it struck an animal or three animals, which are identified with Orion's Belt. {In the Khoisan variants, it is emphasised that the arrow did not reach its target}.
B42h2.  A large reddish star (Betelgeuse or Aldebaran) is identified with an arrow.
B42hh.  Orion is associated with the theme of cosmic hunting. (Including motifs b42h, b42h1, b42m, b42r).
B42i.  Cassiopeia is associated with a deer or elk.
B42k.  In stories about cosmic hunting, the object of pursuit or the hunters are identified with the Pleiades. See motif B42.
B42l.  The stars of the handle of the Big Dipper are hunters, the dipper itself is a bear, an elk or a meat storehouse where the bear climbs.
B42m.  The three stars of the Big Dipper's handle are three men (hunters, thieves). The stars of the dipper are the object they seek to obtain (the hunted animal; the bed). Alcor (a faint star near Mizar) is a container, a vessel carried by the second of the three characters.
B42m1.  The three main stars of the Big Dipper's handle are associated with people of three different nationalities.
B42m2.  The stars of the Big Dipper's handle are three hunters chasing a beast. Each has a distinct character (one is boastful, another is hasty, etc.). In Siberia, the hunters are identified with people of different nationalities, and in the North American Northeast, with birds of different species.
B42mn.  Only one character (rather than several) chases an animal (elk or bear) across the sky, associated with one of the circumpolar constellations, but not with the Pleiades or Orion. (In the Kalevala tradition, there is no identification with stars).
B42n.  The constellation Orion is identified with a man, usually a giant, warrior, or hunter.
B42o.  A certain constellation is represented by a person who has been struck or wounded in the back.
B42o1.  The Big Dipper is identified with the fisher (Mustela pennati).
B42p.  The Big Dipper is identified with a bear.
B42q.  Ursa Major – chariot, cart.
B42r.  The three stars of Orion's Belt are three characters chasing each other.
B42s.  The Big Dipper or Polar Star – a small animal (ermine, marten, forest marmot) or anthropomorphic character with animal features, struck by a spear or arrow.
B42t.  All seven stars of the Big Dipper (and not just the stars of the dipper) are considered to be the figure of an animal - a bear, moose, deer, ram, camel, or dog.
B42U.  The stars of the handle of the Big Dipper – three people, and the four stars of the dipper – animals or objects (one or more).

This motif has been recorded in 152 traditions: Sumer, Akkad, Assyria, Babylonia, Shone (Shona, =Mashona, =Karanga), Makoni (Shoni dialect), Remba (=Hungwe, Wahungwe); Zezuru, Rozwi, Ndau (Vandau), Gogo, Kaguru, Luguru, Zigula, Taveta, Shambala (Sambala), Bondei, Taeta, Dabida; Zaramo, Songe (Kisonge), Bena-Matembo, Congo (Koongo, Bacongo; incl Vili, Fioti, (Ma)Yombe, MuKunyi), Ndombo, Luango (Loango), Zombo (Sambo), Laadi (Laari), (Ba)Fioti, Woyo (Kiwoyo), Ronga, Luchasi (Ngangela), Chokwe (Konwe); Mbukushu, Tswana (Chwana), Suto (Soto; incl Pedi, Mbire), Hausa, Yoruba; incl Ife), Nupe, Bini (Edo), Engenni, Chamba, Dakka, Kukuruku, Mandingo (Manden, incl San, Samo), Kagoro, Bambara (Bamana), Malinke, Kassonke, Diula, Kru: Kru proper, Sapo (Sapã), Grebo, Kran (Krahn, Guere-Krahn; incl. Putu, Tchien), Bete, Neyo, Wobe, Devoin (Dey), Belle (Kuwaa), Bassa, Sikon, Tuareg, Temne (Timne), Khoekhoe (=Hottentot; incl Nama, Korana); Damara, Bushmen (all groups), Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku, Maori, Moriori (Chatam Islands), Batak (Toba, Dairi), Indian literary tradition (Vedic, Brahman, Purana, Indian Buddhism, Hinduism, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Panchtantra, Jatakas); iconography of Hindu temples, Hindi-speaking peoples and casts (incl. Teli, Parahiya; incl. Chhattisgarhi) of Northern and West-Central India, Konkani (incl Goa), Bhils (incl Barela-Bhilala), Spain, Spaniards, France, Ancient Greece, Finns, Karelians, Vepsians, Western Sami, Eastern Sami (including Skolts), Abaza (Abazins), Rutul, Tsakhur, Armenians, Anatolia Turks, Kazakh, Kirghiz, Mari (Cheremis), Chuvash, Komi (Zyrians and Permyaks), Mansi, Eastern Khanty (Ostyaks), Buryats: Western (cis Baikal), Oirats (incl Torgouts, Derbets, Oilots), Mongols (Khalkha), Darkhad, Tuvinians of Tuva, Tuvans, Tofa (Karagas), Khakas, Shor, Southern Altai: Altai proper (Altai-Kiji), Telengit, Altaians, Northern Altai: Chelkan, Kumanda, Tubalar, Altaians, Nenets, Nganasans, Southern Selkups, Northern Selkups, Kets, Central Yakuts (Sakha), Tungus (Evenki): Baikal region, Evenks, Tungus (Evenki) of China (Solon, Birar, Oroqen, Manegir), Evenks, Tungus (Evenki): Russian Far East, Evenks, Western Tungus (Evenki), Western Siberia Tungus (Evenki): Sym River, Ket River, Udeghe, Oroch, Nanai, Negidal, Reindeer Koryak, Maritime Koryak (Alyutor), Chuvans, Russian-speaking Creols of Markovo, Chukchi, Aleuts, Chipewyan, Inland Tlingit, Upper Kuskokwim (Kolchan), Tanana, Bering Strait Inupiat (incl. King Island), North Alaskan Inupiat, Copper, Netsilik, Iglulik, Polar Inuit, Baffin Land Inuit, East Greenland (Angmassalik, Kulusuk), Labrador Inuit (Koksoagmiut), Eyak, Lenape (Delaware), Micmac, Wawenock, Abenaki, Penobscot, Western Ojibwa (Chippewa), Eastern Ojibwa (Missisauga, Timagami and other groups in eastern Ontario), Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree), Naskapi, Montagnais, Sauk (Sak, Mesquakie), Fox, Kickapoo, Five Nations Iroquois (Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga), Sarsee (Tsuu T'ina), Wichita; Spiro Mound iconography, Gros Ventre, Plains Ojibwa, Chilkotin, Shuswap, Thompson (Nlaka'pamux), Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam, Lushootseed (Puget Sound: Puyallup, Nisqualmi, Snuqualmi, Duwamish, Muckleshoot, Snohomish, Skagit), Twana (Skokomish), Tillamook, Coos, Cherokee, Chumash, Northern Paiute (=Paviotso), Northern Shoshone, Panamint, Upland Yuma: Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai, Southern Paiute, Chemehuevi, Luiseño, Juaneño, Navajo, Mescalero, Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos), Hopi, Lipan, Diegueño: Ipai, Tipai, Kamia (Kumeai), Kiliwa, Yuma proper (Quechan), Mohave, Maricopa, Seri, Akawai, Locono, Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi, Siona, Secoya, Coreguaje, Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”), Bakairi, Kamayura, Mocovi; Kechua of Santiago del Estero with probable Guaikuruan substratum; Abipon, Vilela, Mataco, Chorote, Toba (incl Pilagá), Northern and Southern Tehuelche, Kpelle (incl Kono), Central Tibetans (Yu Tsang, incl. Sikkim Tibetans, Tichurong of NW Nepal), Southern Altai: Teleut, Italians: Central (Toscana, Umbria, Marche, Lazio), Buryats: Eastern (trans Baikal), i.e. Khori, Ilimpii Tungus/Evenki, Yerbogachen Tungus/Evenki, Tungus/Evenki of Nercha - Chita area, Itelmen, Greenland, Congo, Australia, Halkomelem (Snaymuk)